This estimate is derived from comparative pharmacology and peptide absorption literature rather than from direct human studies: What This Means If you take 10 mg orally, approximately 3.8 mg reaches systemic circulation The remaining 6.2 mg is metabolized by stomach acid, proteases, and first-pass liver metabolism before reaching the bloodstream However, this systemic bioavailability may not directly reflect brain bioavailability (the amount reaching the central nervous system) Brain Penetration A critical distinction: systemic bioavailability (what enters the blood) differs from brain bioavailability (what crosses the blood-brain barrier and reaches neural tissue)
The Human Tripeptide GHK-Cu in Prevention of Oxidative Stress and Tissue Remodeling (Pickart et al., 2012) This article reviews how GHK-Cu has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative effects across multiple tissue types, including skin and potentially internal tissues
Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH) PIH can occur after inflammation or injury to the skin
Neuro-immune circuits regulate immune responses in tissues and organ homeostasis
The protocol at Perfect B for post-surgical patients is individualized to the surgery type, healing phase, and any concurrent physical therapy, because the timing and dosing need to complement the staged healing process rather than work around it
